That is changing as scientists find new tools to answer the question. High. Traditional research methods with single-shot designs for data collection fail to capture the nuances of changes in these affective variables. Although cyberbullying may happen through several tools such as emailing, texting, chatting, on blogs, websites, and online forums, but social media has become an easy to access platform for bullies on the internet. These will certainly entail sophisticated research methods to be capable of unraveling the nuances of variation in these traits and their mutual effects, for example, stress, motivation, and self-esteem. Educ. The results further show that students intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between the usage of social media by students and students engagement (effect=.081, se=.01, LLCI: 0.076, ULCI: 0.094), and creativity (effect=.018, se=.01, LLCI: 0.017, ULCI: 0.045), supporting our hypotheses, H2a, and H2b. Behav. This means that the same learner at different time points might go through different emotions Also, learners emotional states as a result of their engagement in social media cannot be necessarily generalized to all learners in a class. For further insights into this issue, some other suggested works of research include Chang (2012), Sriwilai and Charoensukmongkol (2016), and Zareen et al. Results indicate that CR and CA of all the constructs were higher than the threshold value of 0.70, and AVE values were higher than the threshold value of 0.50 as recommended by past studies (Fornell and Larcker Citation1981; Hair et al. In the era of technology, bullying on the internet has become a serious issue in several contexts (Watts et al. Psychol. This stimulating environment makes learners rely too much, and spend too much time, on social media or use them obsessively. The finding implies that the students, teachers, and academic institutes need to find out the ways of how to avoid cyberbullying. Citation2015; Yang et al. Social Media Usage and Individuals Intentions Toward Adopting Bitcoin: The Role of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Perceived Risk. Student motivation is an important factor that enhances student engagement (Martin Citation2007) and creativity (Hennessey Citation2015; Malik et al. (2014). Our research has some practical contributions for academicians, students, and the general public. doi: 10.1007/s10826-017-0872-8. Allied Sci. How many hours a day do you spend on these sites? Along this way, they should be assisted by the family and those in charge at schools or universities, most importantly the teachers. Vygotskys mediational theory (see Fernyhough, 2008) can be regarded as a main theoretical background for the support of social media on learners affective states. Results of confirmatory factor analysis. Lawmakers introduce bill to ban minors from social media. Course work: discussing thought-provoking questions in the online forum, 2 interesting writing assignments that fulfill the ICC WI and DV, one of which focuses on your own media . Media and Meaning Rachel Wagner This course will invite students to think deliberately about the media we consume, create, and encounter. Having experienced these negative emotions, students might repeatedly check their messages on social media or get addicted to them. We believe that social media platforms such as Researcchgate, Academia.edu, Linkedin, Facebook research groups, etc provide such a learning community to the students, which facilitates their engagement in academic activities. (2018) reported that individuals who spent more time passively working with social media suffered from more intense levels of hopelessness, loneliness, depression, and perceived inferiority. To measure student engagement we used a six-item scale developed by Stearns et al. Cyberbullying was assessed with a three items scale developed by Lacey and Cornell (Citation2013). Psycho-emotional impact of social media emojis. Though technology has resulted in uncountable benefits in our lives, the adverse impact of technology on human life in the form of cyberbullying is a harsh reality. Zhang and Bartol (Citation2010, 111) defined intrinsic motivation as the extent to which an individual is inner-directed, is interested in, or fascinated with a task, and engages in it for the sake of the task itself. Social media is a form of communication in which people exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. Social media is being used for a variety of purposes, including messaging, emailing, knowledge sharing, chatting, advertising, buying and selling, booking of airlines and hotels, and studying. Intrinsic motivation is important for individuals performance and work engagement (Hendijani et al. Citation2018; Lin et al. The main survey tool, a social media questionnaire on awareness, use, and satisfaction with a selection of social media, shows how students assess the suitability of these platforms for learning. Thus, what learners feel out of their involvement in social media might be directed toward negative emotions due to the stimulating environment of social media. No significant correlation was found between these two variables. Citation2014). on the utilization of social media in relation to academic performance. Finally, there are hopes that considering the ever-increasing popularity of social networking in education, the potential psychological effects of social media on teachers be explored as well. Distinctiveness of others, mutability of selves: Their impact on self-evaluations. Table 3. *Correspondence: Miao Chen, chenmiao@njupt.edu.cn; Xin Xiao, wdfhgovfeo@126.com, The Roles of Social Media in Education: Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive Dimensions, View all These researchers found a positive association between the passive use of the Facebook and depression and also between the active use of the social media and depression. It's also a platform where you can share your thoughts, feelings, or opinions as well as read others' stories. Stud. Rev. Social Media and Student Engagement Tracking effects of problematic social networking on adolescent psychopathology: The mediating role of sleep disruptions. Results reported in our Table 2 reveal that the item loading are higher than the threshold value of 0.60 as recommended by Hair et al. Whatsapp (98.25%) and Youtube (91.75%) were the most commonly used social media applications. 6, 7783. As described by Iwamoto and Chun (2020), when students are affected by social media posts, especially due to the increasing reliance on social media use in life, they may be encouraged to begin comparing themselves to others or develop great unrealistic expectations of themselves or others, which can have several affective consequences. Affairs 29, 146160. Citation2016; Nunnally and Bernstein Citation1978). For instance, relationships will be weak for students who face severe bullying on the social media platform. Yet we know a little about the consequences of social media use among students. Our study has found that cyberbullying can harm the positive utility of social media on learners outcomes. The sorts of interventions needed to moderate the potential negative effects of social networking on them can be different too, all requiring a new line of research in education domain. Creativity and innovation are considered to be important instruments for scientific progress. Malik et al. How social media use is related to stude . https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2021.1917660. Certainly, the educational space in todays world cannot do without the social media, which has turned into an integral part of everybodys life. For one, Aalbers et al. 15, 99669981. (2014) explored the associations between excessive use of social media and internalizing emotions. The results of research show that in this digital age, social media utilisation by students is an essential driver of creativity and engagement in academic activities. Values in bold and italic are square root of AVEs. Copyright 2022 Chen and Xiao. Garca-Garca, Chulvi, and Royo (Citation2017), suggest that learning enhances individuals creativity. to ascertain the dominant reasons for using social media by distance learning students, to assess . Presumably, mixed approaches in near future can better provide a comprehensive assessment of these potential associations. doi: 10.5455/jmas.236927, Banjanin, N., Banjanin, N., Dimitrijevic, I., and Pantic, I. If teachers are informed of the recent research findings about the potential effects of massively using social media on students, they may find ways to reduce students distraction or confusion in class due to the excessive or over-reliant use of these networks. J. Citation2019; Hinduja and Patchin Citation2017). The findings showed a mediating role of insomnia on the significant correlation between depression and addiction to social media. These results have supported our moderated mediation hypotheses 3b and 3c. Inform. Social media provides a social environment for students of higher education, which may facilitate their creativity. at 1 SD above the mean, and at 1 SD below the mean). A. Students will question the effects of emerging technology on medicine, ethics, space exploration, communication and communities. 79, 10681087. This disscussion lead us to understand that social media usage by the students is definitely linked with the students creativity. doi: 10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p239, Keles, B., McCrae, N., and Grealish, A. The comparison theory can hold true for teachers too. For an individual, on average, engaging with Facebook decreases their mental health by roughly 22% of the effect of losing one's job, as reported by a previous meta-analysis, Makarin and his team found. It means that the effect of addiction on depression was compounded by low self-esteem through rumination. Figure 2. Relat. Communicating information from the school to parents. We are trying to make some valuable contributions to the literature on social media by developing and empirically testing our model. 8, 257262. Selected schools . (Citation2017); Malik et al. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1188702, Virden, A., Trujillo, A., and Predeger, E. (2014). Research has mainly indicated that students emotional experiences are mainly dependent on teachers pedagogical approach. The impact of social media on the academic performance of second year medical students at College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Iraq. (2012) explored the relations between depression and the identity associated with the use of the popular social media, the Facebook. Very Poor. The data required for this research were collected through a survey conducted in the Anhui Province of P.R. Exploring the relationships between different types of Facebook use, perceived online social support, and adolescents depressed mood. Mathewson (2020) attributed these divergent positive and negative effects to the different theoretical frameworks adopted in different studies and also the different contexts (different countries with whole different educational systems). Yes No 3. Intrinsic motivation is positively associated with student outcomes (Bempechat and Shernoff Citation2012; Saeed and Zyngier Citation2012). Research studies have identified an association in among social media usage and learning (Tarantino, McDonough, and Hua Citation2013) and students academic engagement (Koranteng, Wiafe, and Kuada Citation2018; Rutherford Citation2010). Table 3 reports that the correlation values of all the constructs are less than the values of the square root of AVEs of the respective constructs, which indicates that there is a good decrement validity in our data. Online social networking amongst teens: Friend or foe? The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. J. Behav. Citation2019) and creativity (Du et al. (Citation2007). This course fulfills the ICC Academic Writing competency requirement. The psychological effects of social media on student life need to be studied in more depth to see whether social media really acts as a social support for students and whether students can use social media to cope with negative emotions and develop positive feelings or not. Thus, the same research designs with the same academic grade students and even the same age groups can lead to different findings concerning the effects of social media on student psychology in different countries. Our findings further highlight that though the social media usage by the students is connected positively to student creativity, and the engagement but these relationships are weak when students face cyberbullying. We also plotted a graphical diagram to understand the moderating role of Cyberbullying on the relationship between students use of social media and students intrinsic motivation. Your participation is appreciated as it may help bring mental health Researchers argue that when an individual's intrinsic motivation is absent, the individual pays less attention to the work because of the lack of interest and enjoyment (Grant and Ashford Citation2008; Zhang and Bartol Citation2010). Note: N=267, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, M=mean; SD=standard deviation. Creativity refers to the interaction among aptitude, process, and the environment by which an individual or group produces a perceptible product that is both novel and useful as defined within a social context (Plucker, Beghetto, and Dow Citation2004, 90). challenges in the use of some social media platforms. Author XX was employed by China Mobile Group Jiangsu Co., Ltd. This study was purported to assess the impact of social media on student academic life. The authors distributed online survey links to the target population through WeChat/email. J. Individ. This consistent use of social media is not expected to leave students psychological, affective and emotional states untouched. Technol. That's why we huddle with students across the country to empower them to navigate their social world - including social media and technology - positively. The impact of social media on social comparison and envy in teenagers: The moderating role of the parent comparing children and in-group competition among friends. Impacts of new technologies on media usage and social behavior in domestic environments. These effects have been explored more among school students in the age range of 1318 than university students (above 18), but some studies were investigated among college students as well. Knowledge of the potential reasons for student anxiety, depression, and stress can help school or university counselors to find individualized coping strategies when they diagnose any symptom of distress in students influenced by an excessive use of social networking. A review of the research findings on the relationship between social media and students affective traits revealed both positive and negative findings. Environmental factors can hinder or facilitate students creativity. Another important finding of our research is to identify a boundary condition role of cyberbullying. We collected the primary data from 267 graduate and undergraduate students enrolled at different universities situated in the Hefei city of the Anhui province of China. This paper highlights. Given the ubiquity of social media, these negative emotions can be replaced with positive emotions if learners become aware of the psychological effects of social media. Mathewson, M. (2020). In addition, we investigate cyberbullying as phenomena which play the boundary condition role on the association between student use of social media and its positive outcomes. Individ. This review can be insightful for teachers who tend to take the potential psychological effects of social media for granted. Differ. Behav. A Theory of social comparison processes. Int. This uncontrolled and unrealistic content may give them a false image of life events and can threaten their mental and emotional health. Charoensukmongkol (2018) reckoned that the mental health and well-being of the global population can be at a great risk through the uncontrolled massive use of social media. Moreover, we found cyberbullying as a boundary condition variable in our model. The existing literature shows that there are some positive and some negative affective impacts. Yet, they may be unaware of the potential adverse effects on students emotional well-being and, thus, may find the review of the recent relevant research findings insightful. The use of social media allow students to satisfy their curiosity (Thomas and Vinuales Citation2017). Researchers have argued that social media utilisation increases the students cognitive and creative abilities (Holdgaard and Klastrup Citation2014; Hu et al. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was formulated and a survey was carried out to collect data from the undergraduate students of different government colleges in Kashmir. Part ii consists of 15 questions that sought to investigate the influence of social media on social behavior. Getting Vygotskian about theory of mind: Mediation, dialogue, and the development of social understanding. For example, their employment-seeking spirits might lead them to create accounts in many social networks, hoping for a better future. In recent years, several studies have been conducted to explore the potential effects of social media on students affective traits, such as stress, anxiety, depression, and so on. 55, 515. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. 32, 10601073. For establishing the convergent validity of our model, we examined composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and Cronbach alpha (CA), of all the constructs. University students psychological needs might be different from other academic grades and, thus, the patterns of changes that the overall use of social networking can create in their emotions can be also different. Fourth, we tested cyberbullying as the boundary condition in our model; future researchers can identify some other moderating variables in this model. The impact of social media usage on students mental health. XC 2021002). Its use is growing significantly more than ever before especially in the post-pandemic era, marked by a great revolution happening to the educational systems. Probably a new line of research can be initiated to explore the co-development of teacher and learner psychological traits under the influence of social media use in longitudinal studies. Soc. doi: 10.1177/0894439314567449. Neira, B. C. J., and Barber, B. L. (2014). the impact of social media platforms on students' academic activities and to found out the . Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. J. Adolesc. Good. Stapel, D. A. The values of cornbachs alpha as reported in Table 2 for all sclaes are higher than the minimum acceptable value of 0.70. Psihol. Sampasa-Kanyinga and Lewis (2015) examined the relationship between social media use and psychological distress. This proactive, student-led . More specifically, given the stative approach to learners emotions, what learners emotionally experience in their application of social media can be bound to their intra-personal and interpersonal experiences. Tools like bully tracer software and other similar practices can also be used to avoid cyberbullying when using social media for academic purposes. Social networking site use: Linked to adolescents social self-concept, self-esteem, and depressed mood. Course content is relevant to a wide variety of student interests, including the social and natural sciences, business and economics, legal issues, the humanities, etc. 28, 225262. (2015). Social Media Questions for Students. As such, we found that cyberbullying weakens the association among social media usage and of learner's engagement and creativity through intrinsic motivation. Drawing on the assumptions of this theory, we believe that students interest in educational activities can be enhanced through the utilisation of social media, which will create more engagement and creativity of students. doi: 10.1353/jip.2015.0013, Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118410, Yan, H., Zhang, R., Oniffrey, T. M., Chen, G., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., et al. Researchers have begun to investigate the psychological effects of using social media on students lives. Building systems to understand this information can effectively monitor the spread of misinformation and verify user claims. Thus this consideration leads us to assume that cyberbullying may moderate the association between social media utilisation by the students and its encouraging results. In other words, the potential positive and negative effects of popular social media like Facebook, Snapchat, Twitter, etc., on students affective conditions can differ across different educational settings in different host countries. Adolescent social media use and mental health from adolescent and parent perspectives. This study suggests that educational institutions, teachers, students, and parents should realise the positive application of social media in academia and should encourage the students to utilise the platforms of social media, say Researchgate, Scribd, Linkedin, Academia.edu, etc. Citation2019). (2017). Regarding the affordances of social media for learners, they can take advantage of the potential affordances of these media such as improving their literacy, broadening their communication skills, or enhancing their distance learning opportunities. Usage of social media by students may motivate them in several ways, for instance, by showing examples of other high achieving students, by providing facilities in terms of easily available study material, and by connecting them with other students working in the same field. Considering the ubiquity of social media in everybody life including student life worldwide, it seems that more coping and compensatory strategies should be contrived to moderate the adverse psychological effects of the pervasive use of social media on students. Barry et al. . Moreover, most studies on this topic have been cross-sectional in type. Specifically, research has found a positive association of students intrinsic motivation with student engagement (Malik et al. (2015) reported a statistically significant positive correlation between addiction to Facebook and depression among about a thousand high school students in wealthy populations of Thailand and warned against this psychological threat. Yet, probably students need to be instructed on how to take advantage of the media and to be the least affected negatively by its occasional superficial and unrepresentative content. An increasing number of educational institutions are . Self-image and depressive tendencies among adolescent Facebook users. J. Adolesc. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218, Frison, E., and Eggermont, S. (2016). CyberTher. A constant observation of how other students or peers are showing their instances of achievement leads to higher self-evaluation (Stapel and Koomen, 2000). Based on this theory, social media can play the role of a mediational means between learners and the real environment. For example, we identify whether the utilisation of social media is linked to outcomes, such as student academic engagement and student creativity. Though social media, as the name suggests, is expected to keep people connected, probably this social connection is only superficial, and not adequately deep and meaningful to help individuals feel emotionally attached to others. The literature on social media reveals that it has become a hot topic of debate among the scholars of social sciences, including the researchers in the area of management information system (MIS). Exemplary works of research on these affective variables are reviewed here. Citation2017). There will be implications for pre- and in-service teacher training and professional development programs and all those involved in student affairs. April 13, 2023. Social media has a negative impact on the academic performance of 21st-century undergraduate medical students. Deng, Wang, and Zhao (Citation2016), argued that environmental factors affect individuals creativity. Researchers argue that an important characteristic of higher education students is creativity (Allina Citation2018; Richardson and Mishra Citation2018; Soh Citation2017) which has become the key characteristic of students and an essential twenty-first-century skill (Chan and Yuen Citation2014; Robinson Citation2001; Wagner Citation2014). In another work of research, Drouin et al. For instance, Kuh (Citation2009) states that student effort and time that a student spends in academic activities to achieve the desired academic results is called student engagement. There is a significant dearth of longitudinal investigation on the effect of social media on developing positive or negative emotions in students. Admittedly, it is neither possible to discard the use of social media in todays academic life, nor to keep students use of social networks fully controlled. Cyberbullying is an abusive, threatening, and insulting behaviour of individuals that they adopt while using the internet (Neto and Barbosa Citation2019). Our findings suggest that relevant stakeholders should recognise the usefulness of social media, which is linked positively with students intrinsic motivation. Global Digital Report 2019-We Are Social. This research elucidates that the students social media utilisation for the purposes of learning leads to higher intrinsic motivation, which is consequently related to the engagement and creativity of learners in academia. Therefore, strategic use of social media or its addictive use by students can direct them toward either positive experiences like enjoyment or negative ones such as anxiety and depression. (2015) tested the relationship between too much use of social networking and depression, yet found no statistically significant correlation between these two variables. As already raised in some works of research reviewed, the different patterns of impacts of social media on student life depend largely on the educational context. Our results further reveal that cyberbullying is negatively associated with students engagement in academia (B=0.11, t=2.08, and p<0.01) and the interaction term between students use of social media and Cyberbullying is significant (B=0.18, t=3.35, and p<.0.01), thereby supporting our H3a. J. Adolesc. Technol. Two main theories underlying some negative emotions like boredom and anxiety are over-stimulation and under-stimulation. A depressed or stressed-out mood can follow. (2016). Considering the increasing influence of social media on education, the present paper aims to focus on the affective variables such as depression, stress, and anxiety, and how social media can possibly increase or decrease these emotions in student life. However, membership in many of these networks may end in the mere waste of the time that could otherwise be spent on actual on-campus cooperative projects. Keles et al. Behav. The stress-buffering effect of self-disclosure on Facebook: An examination of stressful life events, social support, and mental health among college students. Citation2016). doi: 10.1080/0144929X.2013.830335, Tsitsika, A. K., Tzavela, E. C., Janikian, M., lafsson, K., Iordache, A., Schoenmakers, T. M., et al. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Institutions, in particular, teach their students to use the latest, popular, and social media tools that can enhance their intrinsic motivation in academic activities. Educators may more often be mesmerized by the promises of technology-, computer- and mobile-assisted learning. These researchers also found that this mediating effect was moderated by self-esteem. Thus, it is necessary to know how the growing usage of social networks is associated with students affective health on different aspects. The . 66, 5664. See Full PDF Download PDF FINAL MMII Report Alireza Abedi Download Free PDF View PDF International Business ReviewJournal 2020 Stephen Harrison

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